Astronomical School’s Report, 2018, Volume 14, Issue 2, Pages 87–92

https://doi.org/10.18372/2411-6602.14.13
Download PDF
UDC 524.8:519.2

Dark matter filaments

Tugay A.V.

Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Hlushkova Avenue 4a, 03127 Kyiv, Ukraine

Abstract

Present work is a review of extragalactic filament detection and galaxy orientation. Filaments are considered as a part of large-scale structure of Universe since the middle of XX century. The formation of filaments and other elements of large-scale structure was described in Zeldovich theory, which became the base of further computer cosmological simulations. Simulated galaxy distributions are quite suitable for filament detection, but the observations of real galaxies appears much less appropriate for this task. Sloan Digital Sky Survey contains the best data of galaxy distribution for the studies of large-scale structures. Application of different methods of filament detection to SDSS leads to contradictory results. Even morphological analysis of Local Supercluster filaments causes a number of questions. The main complexity of filament search is their composition of mostly dark matter. X-ray images of galaxy clusters supplements optical ones and can help to determine dark matter distribution. Orientation of X-ray halo and optical galaxies in the cluster may point out to the nearest filaments. General analysis of galaxy orientations is needed for the evaluation of this effect. Our review shows models of galaxy cluster at the intersection of filaments and the thread of clusters on the filament. Details of galaxy cluster and filament connections may be revealed after new observations of large-scale structure of Universe and applications new data processing algorithms and cosmological theories of the fluctuation growth.

Keywords: large-scale structure of Universe; galaxies: clusters

References

  1. Agustsson I., Brainerd T.G. (2010). Anisotropic Locations of Satellite Galaxies: Clues to the Orientations of Galaxies within their Dark Matter Halos. Ap. J., 709, 1321–1336. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/709/2/1321
  2. Aragon-Calvo M.A., Yang L.F. (2014). The hierarchical nature of the spin alignment of dark matter haloes in filaments. Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.: Letters., 440, 46–50. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnrasl/slu009
  3. Betancort-Rijo J.E., Trujillo I. (n.d.). An analytical framework to describe the orientation of dark matter halos and galaxies within the large-scale structure. arXiv:0912.1051. .
  4. Binggeli B. (1982). The shape and orientation of clusters of galaxies. As. Ap., 107, 338–349.
  5. Brunino R., Trujillo I., Pearce F.R., Thomas P.A. (2007). The orientation of galaxy dark matter haloes around cosmic voids. Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc., 375, 184–190. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.11282.x
  6. Bukhari F.A. (1988). Empirical determination of the apparent shapes and orientations of galaxy clusters. Ap. J., 333, 561–563. https://doi.org/10.1086/166766
  7. Chen Y., Ho S., Brinkmann J., et al. (2015). Cosmic web reconstruction through density ridges: catalogue. Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc., 461, 3896–3909. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw1554
  8. Chon G., Bohringer H., Zaroubi S. (2015). On the definition of superclusters. As. Ap., 575. – id.L14. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201425591
  9. Dietrich J.P., Werner N., Clowe D. (2012). A filament of dark matter between two clusters of galaxies. Nature, 487, 202–204. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11224
  10. Faltenbacher A., Gottlöber S., Kerscher M., Müller V. (2002). Correlations in the orientations of galaxy clusters. As. Ap., 395, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20021263
  11. Flin P., Godlowski W. (1986). The orientation of galaxies in the Local Supercluster. Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc., 222, 525–541. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/222.3.525
  12. Flin P. (1988). The Orientation of Galaxies in Superclusters. IAUS, 130, 239.
  13. Fong R., Stevenson P.R.F., Shanks T. (1990). The orientation of galaxies and of clusters from an objectively defined catalogue. Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc., 242, 146. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/242.2.146
  14. Godlowski W. (1993). Galactic Orientation Within the Local Supercluster. Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc., 265, 874–880. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/265.4.874
  15. Godlowski W. (1994). Some aspects of the galactic orientation within the Local Supercluster. Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc., 271, 19–30. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/271.1.19
  16. Hahn O., Teyssier R., Carollo C.M. (2010). The large-scale orientations of disc galaxies. Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc., 405, 274–290. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16494.x
  17. Han C., Gould A., Sackett P.D. (1995). The orientation of spin vectors of galaxies in the Ursa Major filament. Ap. J., 445, 46–54. https://doi.org/10.1086/175671
  18. Hawley D.L., Peebles P.J.E. (1972). Selection Effects and the Distribution of Orientations of Galaxies. Bulletin of the Americal Astronomical Society, 4, 239.
  19. Hu F.X., Wu G.X., Song G.X., et al. (2006). Orientation of Galaxies in the Local Supercluster: A Review. Ap&SS, 302, 43–59. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10509-005-9006-7
  20. Joachimi B., Cacciato M., Kitching T.D. (2015). Galaxy Alignments: An Overview. Space Science Reviews, 193. R. 1–65. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-015-0177-4
  21. Kapranidis S., Sullivan W.T. (1983). The orientation in space of spiral galaxies in the local supercluster. As. Ap., 118, 33–38.
  22. Kashikawa N., Okamura S. (1992). Spatial orientation of spin vectors of galaxies in the Local Supercluster. PASJ, 44, 493–507.
  23. Kim S., Rey S., Bureau M., et al. (2016). Large-scale Filamentary Structures around the Virgo Cluster Revisited. Ap. J., 833. – id. 207. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/833/2/207
  24. Kindl E. (1987). Observations and models of galaxy orientations. Astron. J., 93, 1024–1034. https://doi.org/10.1086/114385
  25. Kuhlen M., Diemand J., Madau P. (2007). The Shapes, Orientation, and Alignment of Galactic Dark Matter Subhalos. Ap. J., 671, 1135–1146. https://doi.org/10.1086/522878
  26. Laigle C., Pichon C., Codis S., et al. (2015). Swirling around filaments: are large-scale structure vortices spinning up dark haloes? Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc., 446, 2744–2759. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stu2289
  27. Lambas D.G., Groth E.J., Peebles P.J.E. (1988). Statistics of galaxy orientations. – Morphology and large-scale structure. Astron. J., 95, 975–984. https://doi.org/10.1086/114693
  28. Libeskind N., van de Weygaert R., Cautun M., et al. (2018). Tracing the cosmic web. Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc., 473, 1195–1217. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx1976
  29. MacGillivray H.T., Dodd R.J., Lightfoot J.F., et al. (1980). Monte-Carlo simulation of the orientations of galaxies in clusters. Ap&SS, 70, 385–392. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00639562
  30. MacGillivray H.T., Dodd R.J., McNally B.V., Corwin H.G.Jr. (1982). Orientations of galaxies in the Local Supercluster. Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc., 198, 605–615. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/198.2.605
  31. Mandzhos A.V., Telnyuk-Adamchuk V.V., Gregul A.Y. (1985). Anisotropies in the Orientation of the Uppsala and Eso/uppsala Galaxies. Soviet Astronomy Letters, 11, 206–209.
  32. McMillan S.L.W., Kowalski M.P., Ulmer M.P. (1987). The Determination of Orientations and Ellipticities of X-ray Images of Galaxy Clusters. BAAS, 19, 1080.
  33. Muriel H., Lambas D.G. (1993). Systematics in the Orientation of Galaxies and Clusters of Galaxies. Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, 51, 119.
  34. Panko E., Juszczyk T., Flin P. (2009). Orientation of Brighter Galaxies in Nearby Galaxy Clusters. Astron. J., 138, 1709–1713. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-6256/138/6/1709
  35. Panko E., Piwowarska P. (2013). Orientation of galaxies in structures. Astrophysics, 56, 322–331. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10511-013-9288-3
  36. Parnovsky S.L., Karachentsev I.D. (1994). , Karachentseva V.E. Global Anisotropy in Galaxy Orientations. Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc., 268, 665–680. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/268.3.665
  37. Parnovsky S.L., Tugay A.V. (2008). Orientation Anisotropy of 2MFGC Galaxies. Journal of Physical Studies, 11, 366–369.
  38. Pimbblet K.A. (2005). A new algorithm for the detection of intercluster galaxy filaments using galaxy orientation alignments. Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc., 358, 256–262. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.08780.x
  39. Reinhardt M., Roberts M.S. (1972). Orientation of Galaxies and the Local Supercluster. Astrophysical Letters, 12, 201–206.
  40. Shandarin S.F. (1974). Orientation of angular momenta of galaxies. Soviet Astronomy, 18, 392–393.
  41. Siverd R.J., Ryden B.S., Gaudi B.S. (n.d.). Galaxy Orientation and Alignment Effects in the SDSS DR6. arXiv:0903.2264. .
  42. Sousbie T., Pichon C., Kawahara H. (2011). The persistent cosmic web and its filamentary structure. – II. Illustrations. Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc., 414, 384–403. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18395.x
  43. Splinter R.J., Melott A.L., et al. (1997). The Ellipticity and Orientation of Clusters of Galaxies in N-Body Experiments. Ap. J., 479, 632–641. https://doi.org/10.1086/303896
  44. Tempel E., Stoica R. S., Martinez V.J., et al. (2014). Detecting filamentary pattern in the cosmic web: a catalogue of filaments for the SDSS. Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc., 438, 3465–3482. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stt2454
  45. Trevese D., Cirimele G., Flin P. (1992). The orientation of galaxies in clusters. Astron. J., 104, 935–940. https://doi.org/10.1086/116286
  46. Trujillo I., Carretero C., Patiri S.G. (2006). Detection of the Effect of Cosmological Large-Scale Structure on the Orientation of Galaxies. Ap. J. L., 640, 111–114. https://doi.org/10.1086/503548
  47. Turner T.J., George I.M., Nandra K., Mushotzky R.F. (1998). ASCA Observations of Type 2 Seyfert Galaxies. III. Orientation and X-Ray Absorption. Ap. J., 493, 91–101. https://doi.org/10.1086/305117
  48. Shevchenko S.Yu., Tugay A.V. (2017). Determination of the galaxy cluster orientation using X-ray images by FOCAS method. Odessa Astronomical Publucations, 30, 45–47. https://doi.org/10.18524/1810-4215.2017.30.114263
  49. van de Weygaert Rien (2002). Froth across the Universe Dynamics and Stochastic Geometry of the Cosmic Foam. Proceedings 2nd Hellenic Cosmology Workshop, eds. M. Plionis, S. Cotsakis, I. Georgantopoulos. – Kluwer, 2002. – 153 pages. ArXiv:astro-ph/0206427 .
  50. van Kampen E., Rhee G.F.R.N. (1990). Orientation of bright galaxies in Abell clusters. As. Ap., 237, 283–295.
  51. Varela J., Betancort-Rijo J., Trujillo I., Ricciardelli E. (2012). The Orientation of Disk Galaxies around Large Cosmic Voids. Ap. J., 744. – id. 82. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/744/2/82
  52. Voitsekhovski V.V., Tugay A.V. (2018). Simulation of large-scale structure of Universe by Gaussian random fields. Odessa Astronomical Publications, 31, 52–55. https://doi.org/10.18524/1810-4215.2018.31.144752
  53. Walker A.G. (1940). The orientation of extragalactic nebulae. Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc., 100, 623–630. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/100.8.623
  54. Yang X., van den Bosch F.C., Mo H.J., et al. (2006). The alignment between the distribution of satellites and the orientation of their central galaxy. Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc., 369, 1293–1302. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10373.x
  55. Yuan Q.R., Hu F.X., Su H.J., Huang K.L. (1997). Orientation of the Field Galaxies in the Local Supercluster. Astron. J., 114, 1308–1312. https://doi.org/10.1086/118564
  56. Zhang Y., Yang X., Faltenbacher A., et al. (2009). The Spin and Orientation of Dark Matter Halos Within Cosmic Filaments. Astrophysical Journal, 706. – R.747–761. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/706/1/747

Download PDF